在國家標準《常用危險化學品的分類及標志》(GB13690-1992)中，深圳工業氣體通常分為(wei)二類壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)和(he)液化(hua)(hua)(hua)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)。這(zhe)(zhe)些化(hua)(hua)(hua)學物質是指壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)、液化(hua)(hua)(hua)或加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)的溶(rong)解(jie)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)。通過加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)或降(jiang)溫，氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)分子之間(jian)的距離可以大(da)大(da)減小，并壓(ya)(ya)入鋼(gang)瓶。這(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)叫壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)(也叫永久氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)，如(ru)氧氣(qi)、氮氣(qi)、氬氣(qi)、氫氣(qi)等。)。如(ru)果壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)繼續適當加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)冷(leng)卻，壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)就會變(bian)成液體(ti)(ti)，稱為(wei)液化(hua)(hua)(hua)氣(qi)(如(ru)液氯、液氨(an)、液態二氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)碳等)。)。此(ci)外(wai)，還有一種(zhong)性質極其不穩定的氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)，需要(yao)溶(rong)解(jie)在溶(rong)劑中(zhong)，加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)后儲存(cun)在鋼(gang)瓶中(zhong)。這(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)稱為(wei)溶(rong)解(jie)氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)(如(ru)溶(rong)解(jie)乙(yi)炔等)。)。松江氣(qi)體(ti)(ti)配送(song)

　　工業氣體按其化(hua)(hua)學(xue)性(xing)質可(ke)(ke)分(fen)為四(si)類：(1)劇毒(du)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，毒(du)性(xing)極(ji)強(qiang)，侵入(ru)人體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)時可(ke)(ke)引(yin)起中毒(du)甚至死亡(wang)。如(ru)氯(lv)、氨等。易燃(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，具有(you)易燃(ran)(ran)性(xing)、化(hua)(hua)學(xue)爆炸(zha)危(wei)險和(he)一定毒(du)性(xing)。如(ru)氫氣(qi)(qi)(qi)、乙炔(gui)等。(3)助(zhu)燃(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，有(you)助(zhu)燃(ran)(ran)能力，但本(ben)身不(bu)(bu)燃(ran)(ran)燒，有(you)擴大火勢(shi)的危(wei)險，如(ru)氧氣(qi)(qi)(qi)等。(4)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)燃(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，對人窒(zhi)息，性(xing)質穩(wen)定，不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)燃(ran)(ran)，如(ru)氮(dan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)、二氧化(hua)(hua)碳、氬氣(qi)(qi)(qi)。在國家標準GB13690-1992中，上述(shu)四(si)種氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)分(fen)為三個子(zi)類，即2.1類可(ke)(ke)燃(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)、2.2類不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)燃(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(包括助(zhu)燃(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti))和(he)2.3類有(you)毒(du)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)

　　工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)按成分(fen)(fen)(fen)可(ke)(ke)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)單一(yi)(yi)(yi)品(pin)種(zhong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)純氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)和(he)二元(yuan)(yuan)或多元(yuan)(yuan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)。根(gen)(gen)據國家標(biao)準【0x9A8B】(GB  16163-1996)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)純氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)按其在(zai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)瓶(ping)中(zhong)的(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)理(li)狀態和(he)臨(lin)界(jie)(jie)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)分(fen)(fen)(fen)類，按其化(hua)學(xue)性(xing)(xing)質(zhi)、易(yi)(yi)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)性(xing)(xing)、毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)性(xing)(xing)和(he)腐蝕(shi)性(xing)(xing)分(fen)(fen)(fen)組。第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)類為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)永(yong)久性(xing)(xing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，其臨(lin)界(jie)(jie)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)<-10，在(zai)允(yun)(yun)許(xu)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)下(xia)(xia)，在(zai)灌裝(zhuang)(zhuang)、儲(chu)存、運輸(shu)(shu)和(he)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)態。金山工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)配(pei)送分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)兩組：A組為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)、無(wu)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、不(bu)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)有(you)(you)(you)(you)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)氧(yang)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、氮氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、氬氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)等)。)，B組為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)易(yi)(yi)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)、無(wu)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、可(ke)(ke)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)有(you)(you)(you)(you)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)氫氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)等)。)。第(di)二類是(shi)臨(lin)界(jie)(jie)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)10的(de)(de)液(ye)化(hua)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)高壓(ya)液(ye)化(hua)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)低(di)壓(ya)液(ye)化(hua)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。其中(zhong)，高壓(ya)液(ye)化(hua)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)臨(lin)界(jie)(jie)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)-10和(he)70，充(chong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)時為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)液(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，在(zai)允(yun)(yun)許(xu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)下(xia)(xia)儲(chu)存、運輸(shu)(shu)和(he)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)上(shang)升(sheng)至臨(lin)界(jie)(jie)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)時蒸發成氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)A、B、C三(san)(san)組：A組為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)、無(wu)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、不(bu)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)有(you)(you)(you)(you)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(含(han)二氧(yang)化(hua)碳(tan))；b組為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)易(yi)(yi)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)、無(wu)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、自燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)有(you)(you)(you)(you)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)；c組是(shi)可(ke)(ke)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，容(rong)易(yi)(yi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)解(jie)(jie)或聚合。低(di)壓(ya)液(ye)化(hua)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)臨(lin)界(jie)(jie)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)> 70，在(zai)允(yun)(yun)許(xu)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)下(xia)(xia)，在(zai)充(chong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)、儲(chu)存、運輸(shu)(shu)和(he)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)液(ye)態。也分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)三(san)(san)組：A組為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)、無(wu)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)不(bu)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)、有(you)(you)(you)(you)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)酸性(xing)(xing)腐蝕(shi)性(xing)(xing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)氯氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi))；b組為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)易(yi)(yi)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)、無(wu)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、易(yi)(yi)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)、有(you)(you)(you)(you)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、堿(jian)性(xing)(xing)腐蝕(shi)性(xing)(xing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)氨)；c組是(shi)可(ke)(ke)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，容(rong)易(yi)(yi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)解(jie)(jie)或聚合。第(di)三(san)(san)類是(shi)溶(rong)解(jie)(jie)乙(yi)炔并在(zai)壓(ya)力(li)下(xia)(xia)溶(rong)解(jie)(jie)在(zai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)瓶(ping)內(nei)溶(rong)劑中(zhong)的(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，只有(you)(you)(you)(you)A組：易(yi)(yi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)解(jie)(jie)或聚合的(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)乙(yi)炔)。這(zhe)種(zhong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)類是(shi)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合物(wu)(wu)制備的(de)(de)基礎。工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)是(shi)近二十年出(chu)現的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)新品(pin)種(zhong)，應用(yong)(yong)廣泛，但其分(fen)(fen)(fen)類沒有(you)(you)(you)(you)統(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)標(biao)準。工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)天然合成和(he)純產品(pin)制備。根(gen)(gen)據它們的(de)(de)狀態，它們被(bei)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合物(wu)(wu)、液(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合物(wu)(wu)和(he)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)液(ye)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合物(wu)(wu)。根(gen)(gen)據其主要危險(xian)成分(fen)(fen)(fen)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般可(ke)(ke)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)可(ke)(ke)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合物(wu)(wu)、自燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合物(wu)(wu)、劇毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合物(wu)(wu)和(he)腐蝕(shi)性(xing)(xing)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合物(wu)(wu)。這(zhe)種(zhong)新型氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)液(ye)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合物(wu)(wu)用(yong)(yong)于切割時，與其他(ta)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合物(wu)(wu)相比，在(zai)穩(wen)定性(xing)(xing)、混(hun)(hun)(hun)合程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)、安全性(xing)(xing)和(he)應用(yong)(yong)效果等方(fang)面具有(you)(you)(you)(you)很(hen)大(da)的(de)(de)優勢。

　　工(gong)業(ye)(ye)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)常見的(de)物(wu)理特性(xing)可以概(gai)括為：壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)性(xing)和(he)(he)膨脹(zhang)性(xing)。當一定(ding)量氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)的(de)溫度基本不(bu)變時，壓(ya)力越(yue)大(da)，其(qi)體(ti)(ti)積就(jiu)會變小。如(ru)(ru)果繼續加壓(ya)，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)會被壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)成(cheng)液體(ti)(ti)，這就(jiu)是氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)的(de)可壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)性(xing)。工(gong)業(ye)(ye)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)通常以壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)或(huo)(huo)液化狀態儲存在(zai)(zai)鋼瓶里。氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)被照(zhao)亮或(huo)(huo)加熱后，溫度升高，分(fen)子(zi)間熱運動加劇，體(ti)(ti)積增(zeng)大(da)。如(ru)(ru)果氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)在(zai)(zai)某(mou)個容器中被加熱到(dao)更(geng)高的(de)溫度，其(qi)膨脹(zhang)后形成(cheng)的(de)壓(ya)力就(jiu)越(yue)大(da)，這就(jiu)是氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)的(de)熱膨脹(zhang)性(xing)。青浦(pu)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)配(pei)送壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)和(he)(he)液化氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)裝在(zai)(zai)一個容器里。如(ru)(ru)果暴(bao)露在(zai)(zai)高溫和(he)(he)陽(yang)光下，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)很容易膨脹(zhang)并(bing)產生很大(da)的(de)壓(ya)力。當壓(ya)力超過(guo)容器的(de)抗壓(ya)強度時，就(jiu)會引(yin)起(qi)爆炸。因此，工(gong)業(ye)(ye)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)具有很大(da)的(de)爆炸危險。

       這種氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)叫壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(也叫永久氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)，如氧氣(qi)(qi)(qi)、氮氣(qi)(qi)(qi)、氬(ya)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)、氫氣(qi)(qi)(qi)等(deng)。)。如果壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)繼續適當加壓(ya)(ya)冷(leng)卻，壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)就會變成液(ye)體(ti)(ti)，稱為液(ye)化氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(如液(ye)氯、液(ye)氨、液(ye)態(tai)二氧化碳(tan)等(deng))。)。此外(wai)，還有一(yi)種性(xing)質極其不穩定的氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)，需要(yao)溶(rong)解(jie)(jie)在(zai)溶(rong)劑中(zhong)，加壓(ya)(ya)后儲(chu)存在(zai)鋼瓶中(zhong)。這種氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)稱為溶(rong)解(jie)(jie)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(如溶(rong)解(jie)(jie)乙(yi)炔等(deng))。)。

　　工業(ye)氣體(ti)(ti)按(an)其化(hua)學性(xing)(xing)質可分為四(si)類：(1)劇毒(du)氣體(ti)(ti)，毒(du)性(xing)(xing)極(ji)強(qiang)，侵入人體(ti)(ti)時可引起中毒(du)甚(shen)至死亡(wang)。如(ru)氯(lv)、氨(an)等。易(yi)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣體(ti)(ti)，具有(you)(you)易(yi)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)性(xing)(xing)、化(hua)學爆炸危險(xian)和(he)一定(ding)(ding)毒(du)性(xing)(xing)。如(ru)氫氣、乙(yi)炔等。(3)助燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣體(ti)(ti)，有(you)(you)助燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)能力，但(dan)本(ben)身不(bu)(bu)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)燒(shao)，有(you)(you)擴大火勢的危險(xian)，如(ru)氧氣等。(4)不(bu)(bu)可燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣體(ti)(ti)，對人窒(zhi)息，性(xing)(xing)質穩定(ding)(ding)，不(bu)(bu)可燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)，如(ru)氮氣、二氧化(hua)碳、氬氣。在國家標(biao)準GB13690-1992中，上述四(si)種氣體(ti)(ti)分為三個子類，即2.1類可燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣體(ti)(ti)、2.2類不(bu)(bu)可燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣體(ti)(ti)(包括(kuo)助燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣體(ti)(ti))和(he)2.3類有(you)(you)毒(du)氣體(ti)(ti)

　　工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)按成分(fen)可(ke)(ke)(ke)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)單一品(pin)種(zhong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)純氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)和(he)(he)(he)(he)二(er)(er)元(yuan)或(huo)多元(yuan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)。根據國家標準【0x9A8B】(GB  16163-1996)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)純氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)按其(qi)(qi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)瓶(ping)(ping)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)理狀態(tai)和(he)(he)(he)(he)臨(lin)界(jie)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)分(fen)類(lei)(lei)，按其(qi)(qi)化(hua)學性(xing)質、易(yi)(yi)(yi)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)性(xing)、毒(du)性(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)腐蝕(shi)(shi)性(xing)分(fen)組(zu)(zu)(zu)。第一類(lei)(lei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)永久性(xing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，其(qi)(qi)臨(lin)界(jie)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)<-10，在(zai)(zai)(zai)允(yun)許的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)下，在(zai)(zai)(zai)灌裝、儲(chu)存、運(yun)(yun)輸和(he)(he)(he)(he)使(shi)用(yong)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)態(tai)。分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)兩組(zu)(zu)(zu)：A組(zu)(zu)(zu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)不燃(ran)(ran)(ran)、無(wu)毒(du)、不燃(ran)(ran)(ran)有(you)(you)(you)毒(du)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(包括(kuo)(kuo)氧氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、氮氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、氬氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)等)。)，B組(zu)(zu)(zu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)易(yi)(yi)(yi)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)、無(wu)毒(du)、可(ke)(ke)(ke)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)有(you)(you)(you)毒(du)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(包括(kuo)(kuo)氫氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)等)。)。第二(er)(er)類(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)臨(lin)界(jie)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)10的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)化(hua)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，包括(kuo)(kuo)高壓(ya)(ya)液(ye)(ye)化(hua)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)低壓(ya)(ya)液(ye)(ye)化(hua)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。其(qi)(qi)中，高壓(ya)(ya)液(ye)(ye)化(hua)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)臨(lin)界(jie)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)-10和(he)(he)(he)(he)70，充裝時(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)允(yun)許工(gong)(gong)(gong)作溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)下儲(chu)存、運(yun)(yun)輸和(he)(he)(he)(he)使(shi)用(yong)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)上升至(zhi)臨(lin)界(jie)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)時(shi)(shi)蒸發(fa)成氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)A、B、C三組(zu)(zu)(zu)：A組(zu)(zu)(zu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)不燃(ran)(ran)(ran)、無(wu)毒(du)、不燃(ran)(ran)(ran)有(you)(you)(you)毒(du)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(含二(er)(er)氧化(hua)碳)；b組(zu)(zu)(zu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)易(yi)(yi)(yi)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)、無(wu)毒(du)、自(zi)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)有(you)(you)(you)毒(du)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)；c組(zu)(zu)(zu)是(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，容(rong)易(yi)(yi)(yi)分(fen)解或(huo)聚(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)。低壓(ya)(ya)液(ye)(ye)化(hua)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)臨(lin)界(jie)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)> 70，在(zai)(zai)(zai)允(yun)許的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)下，在(zai)(zai)(zai)充裝、儲(chu)存、運(yun)(yun)輸和(he)(he)(he)(he)使(shi)用(yong)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)液(ye)(ye)態(tai)。也分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)三組(zu)(zu)(zu)：A組(zu)(zu)(zu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)不燃(ran)(ran)(ran)、無(wu)毒(du)不燃(ran)(ran)(ran)、有(you)(you)(you)毒(du)酸性(xing)腐蝕(shi)(shi)性(xing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(包括(kuo)(kuo)氯氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi))；b組(zu)(zu)(zu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)易(yi)(yi)(yi)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)、無(wu)毒(du)、易(yi)(yi)(yi)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)、有(you)(you)(you)毒(du)、堿性(xing)腐蝕(shi)(shi)性(xing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(包括(kuo)(kuo)氨)；c組(zu)(zu)(zu)是(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，容(rong)易(yi)(yi)(yi)分(fen)解或(huo)聚(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)。第三類(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)溶解乙(yi)炔并在(zai)(zai)(zai)壓(ya)(ya)力下溶解在(zai)(zai)(zai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)瓶(ping)(ping)內溶劑中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，只有(you)(you)(you)A組(zu)(zu)(zu)：易(yi)(yi)(yi)分(fen)解或(huo)聚(ju)(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)(ke)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(包括(kuo)(kuo)乙(yi)炔)。這種(zhong)分(fen)類(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)制備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎。工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)是(shi)(shi)近二(er)(er)十年出(chu)現的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一個新(xin)(xin)品(pin)種(zhong)，應(ying)用(yong)廣泛(fan)，但其(qi)(qi)分(fen)類(lei)(lei)沒有(you)(you)(you)統一的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標準。工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)包括(kuo)(kuo)天然合(he)(he)(he)(he)成和(he)(he)(he)(he)純產(chan)品(pin)制備。根據它(ta)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)狀態(tai)，它(ta)們(men)被分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)、液(ye)(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)液(ye)(ye)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)。根據其(qi)(qi)主要危險成分(fen)，一般(ban)可(ke)(ke)(ke)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)可(ke)(ke)(ke)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)、自(zi)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)、劇毒(du)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)腐蝕(shi)(shi)性(xing)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)。這種(zhong)新(xin)(xin)型氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)液(ye)(ye)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)用(yong)于(yu)切割時(shi)(shi)，與其(qi)(qi)他(ta)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)混(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)相比，在(zai)(zai)(zai)穩定性(xing)、混(hun)(hun)(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)、安全性(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)應(ying)用(yong)效果等方面具有(you)(you)(you)很大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)勢。

　　工(gong)業(ye)(ye)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)常見的(de)物理特性(xing)可以概括為(wei)：壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮性(xing)和(he)(he)膨脹(zhang)性(xing)。當一定量氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)溫(wen)度基本不變時(shi)，壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)越大(da)，其體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)積就(jiu)會(hui)變小。如(ru)果繼續加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)會(hui)被壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮成液(ye)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，這(zhe)就(jiu)是氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)可壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮性(xing)。工(gong)業(ye)(ye)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)通(tong)常以壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮或(huo)液(ye)化(hua)狀態儲存在(zai)鋼(gang)瓶里。氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)被照亮或(huo)加(jia)熱(re)后，溫(wen)度升高，分子間熱(re)運動加(jia)劇(ju)，體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)積增大(da)。如(ru)果氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)在(zai)某個容器(qi)中被加(jia)熱(re)到更高的(de)溫(wen)度，其膨脹(zhang)后形成的(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)就(jiu)越大(da)，這(zhe)就(jiu)是氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)熱(re)膨脹(zhang)性(xing)。壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)縮氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)和(he)(he)液(ye)化(hua)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)裝(zhuang)在(zai)一個容器(qi)里。如(ru)果暴(bao)露在(zai)高溫(wen)和(he)(he)陽光下(xia)，氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)很(hen)(hen)容易膨脹(zhang)并產生很(hen)(hen)大(da)的(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)。當壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)超過容器(qi)的(de)抗壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)強度時(shi)，就(jiu)會(hui)引起爆(bao)炸(zha)。因(yin)此(ci)，工(gong)業(ye)(ye)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)具有很(hen)(hen)大(da)的(de)爆(bao)炸(zha)危險。